Margaret's church, Sibsey, where Frank Besant was vicar, 1871–1917Īnnie Wood was born on 1 October 1847 in London into an upper-middle-class family. After the war, she continued to campaign for Indian independence and for the causes of theosophy, until her death in 1933. Krishnamurti rejected these claims in 1929. In the late 1920s, Besant travelled to the United States with her protégé and adopted son Jiddu Krishnamurti, who she claimed was the new Messiah and incarnation of Buddha. This led to her election as president of the Indian National Congress, in late 1917. When World War I broke out in 1914, she helped launch the Home Rule League to campaign for democracy in India, and dominion status within the British Empire. In 1907 she became president of the Theosophical Society, whose international headquarters were, by then, located in Adyar, Madras, ( Chennai).īesant also became involved in politics in India, joining the Indian National Congress. Over the next few years, she established lodges in many parts of the British Empire. In 1902, she established the first overseas Lodge of the International Order of Co-Freemasonry, Le Droit Humain. In 1898 she helped establish the Central Hindu School, and in 1922 she helped establish the Hyderabad (Sind) National Collegiate Board in Bombay (today's Mumbai), India. As part of her theosophy-related work, she travelled to India. She became a member of the Theosophical Society and a prominent lecturer on the subject. In 1890 Besant met Helena Blavatsky, and over the next few years her interest in theosophy grew, whilst her interest in secular matters waned.
She was also elected to the London School Board for Tower Hamlets, topping the poll, even though few women were qualified to vote at that time. She was a leading speaker for both the Fabian Society and the Marxist Social Democratic Federation (SDF). Thereafter, Besant became involved with union actions, including the Bloody Sunday demonstration and the London matchgirls strike of 1888. The scandal made them famous, and Bradlaugh was subsequently elected as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Northampton in 1880. In 1877 they were prosecuted for publishing a book by birth control campaigner Charles Knowlton. īesant then became a prominent speaker for the National Secular Society (NSS), as well as a writer, and a close friend of Charles Bradlaugh. Besant's goal was to provide employment, better living conditions, and proper education for the poor. For fifteen years, Besant was a public proponent in England of atheism and scientific materialism. As an educationist, her contributions included being one of the founders of the Banaras Hindu University. She was also a prolific author with over three hundred books and pamphlets to her credit. Regarded as a champion of human freedom, she was an ardent supporter of both Irish and Indian self-rule. Annie Besant ( née Wood 1 October 1847 – 20 September 1933) was a British socialist, theosophist, freemason, women's rights activist, writer, orator, political party member, educationist, and philanthropist.
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